ZC3HAV1
Description
The ZC3HAV1 (zinc finger CCCH-type containing, antiviral 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 7.
ZC3HAV1 is a gene that encodes a CCCH-type zinc finger protein involved in antiviral defense. The protein is believed to prevent retroviral infection by inhibiting viral gene expression and inducing an innate immune response. This gene exhibits alternative splicing, leading to the production of at least four different protein isoforms.
ZC3HAV1 is an antiviral protein that inhibits viral replication by targeting viral mRNAs for degradation. It binds to a specific sequence in viral mRNA called the ZAP-responsive element (ZRE) and then recruits cellular machinery to degrade the viral mRNA. Specifically, it recruits the PARN enzyme to remove the poly(A) tail, the exosome complex to degrade the mRNA body from the 3'-end, and the decapping complex to remove the cap structure from the 5'-end. This protein is known to target a variety of viruses, including HIV-1, Ebola virus, and Sindbis virus. ZC3HAV1 has two isoforms, with isoform 1 being a more potent viral inhibitor than isoform 2. Interestingly, isoform 2 acts as a positive regulator of RIGI signaling, which leads to the expression of interferon (IFN) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs).
ZC3HAV1 is also known as ARTD13, FLB6421, PARP13, ZAP, ZC3H2, ZC3HDC2.
