XRN1
Description
The XRN1 (5'-3' exoribonuclease 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 3.
XRN1, or 5'-3' exoribonuclease 1, is a protein encoded by the XRN1 gene in humans. It breaks down RNA molecules in the 5' to 3' direction. XRN1 is a member of the 5'-3' exonuclease family and may be involved in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation. It interacts with the enhancer of mRNA-decapping protein 4. Similar proteins in yeast have been linked to various nuclear and cytoplasmic functions, including transcription, translation, homologous recombination, meiosis, telomere maintenance, and microtubule assembly. Mutations in the XRN1 gene have been associated with osteosarcoma, suggesting a role in bone formation. Multiple transcript variants of XRN1 exist due to alternative splicing.
XRN1 is a major 5'-3' exoribonuclease that plays a key role in mRNA decay. It is required for the 5'-3' processing of G4 tetraplex-containing DNA and RNA substrates. XRN1 hydrolyzes G4 RNA tetraplexes faster than G4 DNA tetraplexes and monomeric RNA tetraplexes. It binds to both RNA and DNA, and is involved in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation. XRN1 may act as a tumor suppressor protein in osteogenic sarcoma.
XRN1 is also known as SEP1.
