WWC1
Description
The WWC1 (WW and C2 domain containing 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 5.
WWC1, also known as KIBRA, is a protein encoded by the WWC1 gene in humans. It has been linked to human memory performance and cognitive ability. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene, rs17070145, has been associated with these traits. WWC1 interacts with at least 10 proteins, including synaptopodin, PKCζ, and Dendrin, many of which modify synaptic plasticity. Research has also begun to investigate the role of WWC1 in Alzheimer's disease.
WWC1 acts as a negative regulator of the Hippo signaling pathway, also known as the Salvador-Warts-Hippo (SWH) pathway. It enhances the phosphorylation of LATS1 and YAP1, which in turn negatively regulates cell proliferation and organ growth by suppressing the transcriptional activity of YAP1, the main effector of the Hippo pathway. WWC1, in conjunction with NF2, can synergistically induce the phosphorylation of LATS1 and LATS2, further contributing to the regulation of Hippo signaling. Additionally, WWC1 functions as a transcriptional coactivator of ESR1, playing a crucial role in DYNLL1-mediated ESR1 transactivation. WWC1 regulates collagen-stimulated activation of the ERK/MAPK cascade and modulates directional migration of podocytes. It plays a significant role in cognition and memory performance, likely by regulating AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs) trafficking, a process underlying synaptic plasticity and learning.
WWC1 is also known as HBEBP3, HBEBP36, KIBRA, MEMRYQTL, PPP1R168.
