UGT1A5
UGT1A5 Gene: A Key Player in Drug Metabolism and Health
Description
The UGT1A5 gene encodes the enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A5 (UGT1A5), a crucial component of the drug metabolism system in the human body. This enzyme is responsible for adding glucuronic acid to various endogenous and exogenous compounds, including drugs, hormones, and bile acids. This process, known as glucuronidation, enhances the water solubility of these substances, facilitating their elimination from the body via urine or bile.
Associated Diseases
Mutations in the UGT1A5 gene have been linked to a range of health conditions, including:
- Gilbert‘s syndrome: A mild liver disorder characterized by a high level of unconjugated bilirubin in the blood. This can cause yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice).
- Crigler-Najjar syndrome: A rare inherited disorder characterized by severe jaundice due to the body‘s inability to properly remove bilirubin from the blood.
- Drug toxicity: Variations in UGT1A5 activity can affect the metabolism and potential toxicity of certain drugs. For example, individuals with reduced UGT1A5 activity may be more susceptible to side effects from drugs that are primarily eliminated through glucuronidation.
Did you Know ?
Studies have shown that approximately 1 in 10 people worldwide have a variant of the UGT1A5 gene that reduces its activity. This variation is more common in certain ethnic groups, such as individuals of African descent.
