TTLL4
Description
The TTLL4 (tubulin tyrosine ligase like 4) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.
TTLL4 is a monoglutamylase that adds a single glutamate residue to specific glutamate residues on both tubulin and non-tubulin proteins. This modification is essential for the initiation of polyglutamylation, a process that modifies tubulin and other proteins. TTLL4 preferentially modifies beta-tubulin over alpha-tubulin and plays a role in regulating the assembly of microtubules. It also modifies other proteins, including nucleosome assembly proteins (NAP1L1 and NAP1L4), the antiviral signaling protein CGAS, and the transcription factor KLF4. Glutamylation of CGAS inhibits its catalytic activity, preventing antiviral defense. Glutamylation of KLF4 impedes its ubiquitination, promoting somatic cell reprogramming, pluripotency maintenance, and embryogenesis.
TTLL4 is also known as -.
Associated Diseases
- cholesterol-ester transfer protein deficiency
- hypertriglyceridemia 2
- familial apolipoprotein C-II deficiency
