TRPM8
The TRPM8 Gene: A Key Player in Sensing Cold and Pain
Description
The TRPM8 gene, located on chromosome 21, encodes a protein channel called transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 8 (TRPM8). This channel is responsible for detecting cold temperatures, ranging from 8°C to 28°C (46.4°F to 82.4°F).
TRPM8 is primarily expressed in sensory neurons, specifically in small-diameter type A-delta and C-fibers. These neurons transmit pain and temperature signals from the skin, muscles, and internal organs to the spinal cord and brain.
Associated Diseases
Mutations in the TRPM8 gene have been linked to several medical conditions:
- Congenital insensitivity to cold and anhidrosis: This rare disorder results in an inability to sense cold temperatures and sweat, leading to heat intolerance and dehydration.
- Chronic pain syndromes: Mutations in TRPM8 have been associated with increased sensitivity to pain, such as migraines, fibromyalgia, and neuropathic pain.
- Cancer-related pain: TRPM8 activity may contribute to the development of pain after chemotherapy or radiation treatment.
Did you Know ?
Approximately 1 in 100,000 individuals suffer from congenital insensitivity to cold and anhidrosis.
