TRPC1
Description
The TRPC1 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 3.
TRPC1 is a protein encoded by the TRPC1 gene in humans. It functions as an ion channel located on the plasma membrane of various human and animal cell types. TRPC1 is a non-specific cation channel, allowing the passage of both sodium and calcium ions. It is believed to mediate calcium entry in response to depletion of endoplasmic calcium stores or activation of receptors coupled to the phospholipase C system. In HEK293 cells, the unitary current-voltage relationship of endogenous TRPC1 channels exhibits an almost linear profile with a slope conductance of approximately 17 pS. The extrapolated reversal potential of TRPC1 channels is +30 mV. TRPC1 protein is widely expressed throughout the mammalian brain and exhibits a similar corticolimbic expression pattern to TRPC4 and TRPC5. The highest density of TRPC1 protein is found in the lateral septum, an area with dense TRPC4 expression, and in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, areas with dense TRPC5 expression. TRPC1 was the first mammalian Transient Receptor Potential channel to be identified in 1995 when research groups led by Craig Montell and Lutz Birnbaumer sought proteins similar to the TRP channel in Drosophila. Along with TRPC3, it became a founding member of the TRPC ion channel family. TRPC1 has been shown to interact with HOMER3, Polycystic kidney disease 2, RHOA, TRPC3, TRPC4, and TRPC5.
TRPC1 is believed to form a receptor-activated, non-selective calcium-permeable cation channel. It is likely regulated by a phosphatidylinositol second messenger system, which is triggered by receptor tyrosine kinases or G-protein coupled receptors. Additionally, TRPC1 appears to be activated by depletion of intracellular calcium stores.
TRPC1 is also known as HTRP-1, TRP1.
