TPH2
The TPH2 Gene: Uncovering the Molecular Basis of Mood Disorders
Description
The tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) gene is located on chromosome 12 and encodes an enzyme that synthesizes serotonin, a neurotransmitter crucial for regulating mood, sleep, and appetite. TPH2 is primarily expressed in the raphe nuclei of the brainstem, the primary source of serotonin in the brain.
Associated Diseases
Dysregulation of the TPH2 gene has been strongly implicated in several mood disorders, including:
- Depression: Studies have shown that individuals with depression have lower TPH2 enzyme activity and serotonin levels.
- Anxiety disorders: TPH2 polymorphisms have been associated with increased risk of anxiety disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.
- Sleep disorders: TPH2 deficiency can lead to insomnia and sleep disturbances.
Did you Know ?
Approximately 1 in 10 people worldwide suffer from depression, making it one of the most prevalent mental health conditions.
