TAS1R1

Description

The TAS1R1 (taste 1 receptor member 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.

TAS1R1, or Taste receptor type 1 member 1, is a protein that plays a crucial role in detecting the umami taste. It forms a complex with another protein, TAS1R3, to create a functional receptor that recognizes L-amino acids, particularly L-glutamine, which is responsible for the umami flavor. This receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane domains. It is interesting to note that TAS1R1 is inactive outside of this dimeric complex with TAS1R3. Different variations in the TAS1R1 gene can lead to varying taste sensitivities to umami among individuals. Furthermore, TAS1R1 and TAS1R2 exhibit spontaneous activity even without external ligands, suggesting that the extracellular domain may regulate the receptor's activity by preventing spontaneous activation and binding to activating ligands like L-glutamine. The umami taste is closely linked to monosodium glutamate (MSG), a common flavor enhancer.

This protein acts as a taste receptor, specifically recognizing the umami taste, which is elicited by compounds like monosodium glutamate. The ability to taste umami is influenced by variations in the gene sequence both within and between different species, affecting the sensitivity and specificity of taste perception.

TAS1R1 is also known as GM148, GPR70, T1R1, TR1.

Associated Diseases

• ovarian cancer
• male infertility with teratozoospermia due to single gene mutation
• partial chromosome Y deletion
• spermatogenic failures 50
• spermatogenic failure 25
• spermatogenic failure 63
• spermatogenic failure 74
• spermatogenic failure 73
• spermatogenic failure 61