TAF1C

Description

The TAF1C (TATA-box binding protein associated factor, RNA polymerase I subunit C) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16.

TAF1C is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TAF1C gene. It is involved in the initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase I. This process requires the formation of a complex composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and three TBP-associated factors (TAFs) specific for RNA polymerase I. This complex, known as SL1, binds to the core promoter of ribosomal RNA genes to position the polymerase properly and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TAF1C encodes the largest SL1-specific TAF. Two transcripts encoding different isoforms have been identified.

TAF1C is a component of the SL1/TIF-IB complex, which is essential for the assembly of the pre-initiation complex (PIC) during RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription. The rate of PIC formation is primarily determined by the rate of association of SL1/TIF-IB with the rDNA promoter. SL1/TIF-IB stabilizes the binding of nucleolar transcription factor 1/UBTF to rDNA. The formation of SL1/TIF-IB prevents TBP from associating with TFIID subunits. TAF1C recruits RNA polymerase I to the rRNA gene promoter through its interaction with RRN3.

TAF1C is also known as MGC:39976, SL1, TAFI110, TAFI95.

Associated Diseases

• endometrial cancer
• primary ciliary dyskinesia
• schizophrenia 15
• Phelan-McDermid syndrome
• Potocki-Lupski syndrome
• Smith-Magenis syndrome
• intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked, syndromic, Pilorge type
• FRAXE intellectual disability
• type 2 diabetes mellitus
• cancer