TAC1
Description
The TAC1 (tachykinin precursor 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 7.
The TAC1 gene encodes preprotachykinin-1 (PPT-1), a precursor protein that undergoes various post-translational modifications to produce several bioactive peptides, including substance P and neurokinin A. PPT-1 exists in four isoforms (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta) with varying capacities to produce these peptides. For instance, alpha and delta isoforms produce solely substance P, whereas beta and gamma isoforms can produce both substance P and neurokinin A. Neurokinin A can be further processed to generate neuropeptide K and neuropeptide gamma. These peptides serve as neurotransmitters, interacting with nerve receptors and smooth muscle cells to induce behavioral responses and act as vasodilators and secretagogues. The distribution of PPT-1 isoforms varies across species. In humans, the beta isoform predominates in the brain, while rats primarily express the gamma isoform and cows express the alpha isoform. Although both human and rat PPT-1 produce substance P and neurokinin A, humans produce more neuropeptide K, whereas rats produce more neuropeptide gamma.
TAC1 is also known as Hs.2563, NK2, NKNA, NPK, TAC2.
Associated Diseases
- substance abuse
- major depressive disorder
- Ochoa syndrome
- fetal lower urinary tract obstruction
- skin basal cell carcinoma
