STC2
Description
The STC2 (stanniocalcin 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 5.
Stanniocalcin-2 is a protein encoded by the STC2 gene in humans. It is a secreted, homodimeric glycoprotein expressed in various tissues, likely playing autocrine or paracrine roles. The protein contains 10 of 15 cysteine residues conserved in the stanniocalcin family, is phosphorylated by casein kinase 2 on serine residues, and has a histidine-rich C-terminus potentially interacting with metal ions. It may regulate renal and intestinal calcium and phosphate transport, cell metabolism, and cellular calcium/phosphate homeostasis. Overexpression in mice leads to growth restriction, reduced bone and muscle growth, and organomegaly. Estrogen induces its expression, and its levels are altered in some breast cancers. Stanniocalcin-2 inhibits bone growth by modulating IGF1 activity. IGF1 is bound by IGFBP4, rendering it inactive. The protease PAPPA can cleave this complex, releasing active IGF1.
STC2 is also known as STC-2, STCRP.
