SPEN
Description
The SPEN (spen family transcriptional repressor) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
The SPEN gene encodes a hormone-inducible transcriptional repressor in humans. This repressor can suppress transcription through interactions with other repressors, recruitment of histone deacetylation proteins, or sequestration of transcriptional activators. The SPEN protein contains a carboxy-terminal domain that allows binding to other corepressor proteins, including members of the NuRD complex, which has deacetylase activity. Additionally, SPEN contains multiple RNA recognition motifs that enable binding to a steroid receptor RNA coactivator, modulating the activity of both liganded and non-liganded steroid receptors. SPEN interacts with HDAC1, SRA1, and Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2.
SPEN acts as a nuclear matrix platform, organizing and integrating transcriptional responses. In osteoblasts, it supports transcription activation by working with RUNX2 to enhance FGFR2-mediated activation of the osteocalcin FGF-responsive element (OCFRE). SPEN also acts as a corepressor protein, likely regulating crucial pathways such as the Notch pathway. It negatively regulates the Notch pathway by interacting with RBPSUH, preventing the association of NOTCH1 and RBPSUH and suppressing Notch signaling transactivation activity. SPEN blocks the differentiation of precursor B-cells into marginal zone B-cells. It probably represses transcription through the recruitment of large complexes containing histone deacetylase proteins. SPEN can bind both to DNA and RNA.
SPEN is also known as HIAA0929, MINT, RATARS, RBM15C, SHARP.
