SORBS1
Description
The SORBS1 (sorbin and SH3 domain containing 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10.
SORBS1, also known as CAP/Ponsin, is a protein encoded by the SORBS1 gene in humans. It belongs to a small family of adaptor proteins that regulate key cellular functions like adhesion, growth factor signaling, and cytoskeletal organization. Its expression is prevalent in heart, skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue, and macrophages. In muscle tissue, it is specifically localized to costameres, structures that connect the cytoskeleton to the sarcolemma. SORBS1 exists in thirteen different isoforms, ranging in size from 81 kDa to 142 kDa. These isoforms share a common structure, containing a conserved sorbin homology (SOHO) domain and three SH3 domains. In muscle, SORBS1 plays a crucial role in the formation of mature costameres, which are essential for muscle function. It is also involved in antiviral responses, protecting against cell death caused by viral infections. SORBS1 has been shown to regulate insulin-stimulated signaling and glucose uptake, acting as a critical mediator of insulin action. Furthermore, SORBS1 has been implicated in macrophage function, contributing to the regulation of inflammation and insulin sensitivity.
SORBS1 plays a key role in insulin signaling by facilitating the phosphorylation of CBL, a protein involved in insulin receptor signaling, through a direct interaction with the insulin receptor. This interaction is crucial for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and transport. Furthermore, SORBS1 contributes to the formation of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions, structures essential for cell adhesion and migration.
SORBS1 is also known as CAP, FLAF2, R85FL, SH3D5, SH3P12, SORB1.
