SLCO2B1
Description
The SLCO2B1 (solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 also known as organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the gene SLCO2B1.
SLCO2B1, also known as OATP2B1, is a protein that mediates the transport of various organic anions, including steroid sulfate conjugates, across cell membranes. This transport is independent of sodium and often involves an anion exchange mechanism. The exact transport mechanism is still under investigation, but it likely involves the exchange of an organic anion for another anionic compound, such as hydrogencarbonate or cytoplasmic glutamate. SLCO2B1's activity is pH-sensitive, with increased transport in acidic environments. This protein is crucial for the transport of estrone 3-sulfate (E1S), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and other sulfated steroids across various tissues. For example, it facilitates E1S transport through the placental basal membrane, allowing for the absorption of fetal-derived steroids. SLCO2B1 is also involved in the uptake of sulfated steroids in the liver, the intestine, and the blood-brain barrier, contributing to their clearance and distribution throughout the body. Additionally, this protein transports heme and its by-product, coproporphyrin III, potentially regulating iron availability and hepatic disposition. SLCO2B1 also mediates the uptake of other substrates, including prostaglandins, taurocholate, thyroxine, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. It may contribute to the regulation of organic compound transport in the testes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10873595, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11159893, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11932330, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12409283, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12724351, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14610227, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16908597, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18501590, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19129463, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20507927, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22201122, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23531488, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25132355, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26277985, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26383540, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27576593, ECO:0000269|PubMed:29871943, ECO:0000269|PubMed:34628357, ECO:0000269|PubMed:35714613, ECO:0000269|Ref.25, ECO:0000305|PubMed:35307651}
SLCO2B1 is also known as OATP-B, OATP2B1, OATPB, SLC21A9.
