SLC20A2 : solute carrier family 20 member 2
Description
The SLC20A2 (solute carrier family 20 member 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 8.
The SLC20A2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called sodium-dependent phosphate transporter 2 (PiT-2). This protein is highly active in nerve cells (neurons) in the brain. It plays a major role in regulating the levels of a molecule called phosphate in cells (phosphate homeostasis). Specifically, the PiT-2 protein uses positively charged sodium atoms (ions) to transport phosphate in out and of cell membranes. Phosphate is needed for many cellular functions including the breakdown of substances (metabolic processes), signaling between cells, and the production of DNA building blocks (nucleic acids) and fats.
SLC20A2 is a sodium-phosphate symporter that preferentially transports the monovalent form of phosphate with a stoichiometry of two sodium ions per phosphate ion. It plays a critical role in bone health by providing phosphate for mineralization. SLC20A2 is also essential for maintaining normal cerebrospinal fluid phosphate levels. Additionally, it mediates phosphate-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VCMCs) and can compensate for loss of SLC20A1 in VCMCs.
SLC20A2 is also known as GLVR-2, GLVR2, IBGC1, IBGC2, IBGC3, MLVAR, PIT-2, PIT2, RAM1, Ram-1.
Associated Diseases
- Basal ganglia calcification, idiopathic, 1
- Bilateral striopallidodentate calcinosis
- Primary familial brain calcification
