SF3B3

Description

The SF3B3 (splicing factor 3b subunit 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16.

SF3B3, the gene encoding splicing factor 3B subunit 3, is a critical player in the intricate process of pre-mRNA splicing. This gene produces a protein that forms part of the splicing factor 3b complex, which, along with splicing factor 3a and a 12S RNA unit, constitutes the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins complex (U2 snRNP). The splicing factor 3b/3a complex binds to the pre-mRNA upstream of the intron's branch site in a sequence-independent manner, effectively anchoring the U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA. SF3B3 also participates in the minor U12-type spliceosome. Beyond its role in splicing, SF3B3 is also found within the STAGA (SPT3-TAF(II)31-GCN5L acetylase) transcription coactivator-HAT (histone acetyltransferase) complex and the TFTC (TATA-binding-protein-free TAF(II)-containing complex). These complexes are involved in various cellular processes, including chromatin modification, transcription, splicing, and DNA repair. Interactions between SF3B3 and other proteins like SF3B1, SPT3 homolog, and TAF9 highlight its crucial involvement in these multifaceted cellular functions.

SF3B3 is a component of the 17S U2 snRNP complex, which is involved in splicing pre-mRNA by removing introns. The 17S U2 snRNP complex plays a crucial role in early spliceosome assembly and recognizing the intron branch site during splicing. SF3B3 is part of the SF3B subcomplex within the 17S U2 snRNP complex, which is essential for the formation of the 'A' complex, where U2 snRNP binds to the branchpoint sequence in pre-mRNA. The binding of SF3A and SF3B subcomplexes upstream of the branch site is independent of sequence and helps anchor the U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA. SF3B3 may also contribute to the assembly of the 'E' complex. Additionally, SF3B3 is a component of the minor spliceosome, which processes U12-type introns in pre-mRNAs.

SF3B3 is also known as RSE1, SAP130, SF3b130, STAF130.

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