S100A4

Description

The S100A4 (S100 calcium binding protein A4) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.

S100A4 is a protein belonging to the S100 family, containing two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. It is involved in regulating various cellular processes, including cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100A4 is thought to play a role in motility, invasion, and tubulin polymerization. Altered expression of S100A4 has been linked to tumor metastasis. S100A4 interacts with S100 calcium binding protein A1. S100A4 supports tumorigenesis by stimulating angiogenesis. It synergizes with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) via the RAGE receptor, promoting endothelial cell migration by increasing KDR expression and MMP-9 activity.

S100A4 is a calcium-binding protein that plays a role in various cellular processes, including motility, angiogenesis, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and autophagy. It increases cell motility and invasiveness by interacting with non-muscle myosin heavy chain (NMMHC) IIA/MYH9, promoting filament depolymerization and increasing the amount of soluble myosin-IIA, resulting in the formation of stable protrusions facilitating chemotaxis. It also modulates the pro-apoptotic function of TP53 by binding to its C-terminal transactivation domain within the nucleus and reducing its protein levels. S100A4 acts as a chemoattractant in the extracellular space, stimulating cytokine production including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and CCL24 from T-lymphocytes and promoting lymphocyte migration via CCR5 and CXCR3 receptors.

S100A4 is also known as 18A2, 42A, CAPL, FSP1, MTS1, P9KA, PEL98.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing