Ruminococcus bromii
Ruminococcus Bromii: An Essential Gut Microbe and Its Role in Human Health
Description
Ruminococcus bromii is a Gram-positive, strictly anaerobic bacterium found in the human gut microbiome. It belongs to the Ruminococcus genus, known for its role in degrading complex carbohydrates and producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
R. bromii is a dominant species in the gut microbiota of healthy individuals, accounting for up to 5% of total bacterial load. It colonizes the colon, where it ferments dietary fiber and produces SCFAs, primarily butyrate.
Associated Diseases
Imbalances in R. bromii levels have been linked to various gastrointestinal and metabolic diseases, including:
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): Studies have shown reduced R. bromii levels in individuals with IBS, particularly in those with predominant constipation.
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): R. bromii deficiency has been associated with increased inflammation and disease severity in IBD, including Crohn‘s disease and ulcerative colitis.
- Obesity and type 2 diabetes: Low R. bromii levels have been observed in individuals with these metabolic disorders, suggesting its role in modulating glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
Did you Know ?
A study published in the journal "Nature Medicine" found that individuals with higher levels of R. bromii in their gut microbiome had a significantly lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study suggested that R. bromii produces a specific type of butyrate that improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance.
