RPS19 : ribosomal protein S19
Description
The RPS19 (ribosomal protein S19) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
The RPS19 gene provides instructions for producing one of approximately 80 ribosomal proteins, which are essential components of cellular structures called ribosomes. Ribosomes are responsible for translating genetic instructions into proteins. Each ribosome is composed of two subunits: a large and a small subunit. The protein encoded by RPS19 is found in the small subunit. While the specific functions of RPS19 and other ribosomal proteins within these subunits are not fully understood, some are involved in the assembly or stability of ribosomes, while others assist in protein synthesis. Evidence suggests that some ribosomal proteins may have additional roles, including participation in cell signaling pathways, regulation of cell division, and control of cell death (apoptosis).
The RPS19 protein is a component of the small ribosomal subunit, which is responsible for protein synthesis in cells. It is required for the processing and maturation of the 40S ribosomal subunit. RPS19 is part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, the initial precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, numerous ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone, and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA. Together, they orchestrate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements, and cleavage, as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome.
RPS19 is also known as DBA, DBA1, LOH19CR1, S19, eS19.
