RHCG
Description
The RHCG (Rh family C glycoprotein) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 15.
RHCG, or Rh family, C glycoprotein, is a protein encoded by the RHCG gene in humans. Its primary role is in ammonium handling and pH homeostasis in the kidneys. RHCG possesses a hydrophobic ammonia-conducting channel, sharing a common fold with other ammonia transporters, confirming its function as an ammonia transporter.
RHCG is an ammonium transporter involved in maintaining acid-base balance in the body. It facilitates the movement of ammonium and its derivative, methylammonium, across the plasma membrane of epithelial cells, likely contributing to renal ammonia transport and metabolism. The proposed mechanism involves the electroneutral bidirectional transport of ammonia molecules (NH3). This process starts with the interaction of an ammonium ion (NH4+) with acidic residues at the pore entry, followed by its dissociation into ammonia and a proton (H+). Ammonia then transits through the central pore and gets protonated on the extracellular side, reforming ammonium. Additionally, RHCG might act as a carbon dioxide (CO2) channel, aiding in renal acid secretion.
RHCG is also known as C15orf6, PDRC2, RHGK, SLC42A3.
Associated Diseases
- nephronophthisis
- medullary sponge kidney
- adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency
- 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria
- autosomal recessive proximal renal tubular acidosis
- mitochondrial complex V (ATP synthase) deficiency nuclear type 3
