PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction
What is PCR Polymerase chain reaction
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a pivotal technique in molecular biology and genomics, allowing for the amplification of specific DNA sequences. It serves as the foundation for numerous applications in diagnostics, research, and biotechnology. Below are some of the key PCR techniques used in genomics:
Traditional PCR
Traditional PCR is the original form of PCR developed by Kary Mullis. It involves three main steps: denaturation, annealing, and extension. This technique is widely used for cloning, genotyping, and mutation detection.
Real-Time PCR (qPCR)
Real-Time PCR, also known as quantitative PCR (qPCR), allows for the quantification of DNA. It is essential for gene expression analysis, pathogen detection, and genetic testing.
Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR)
RT-PCR is used to convert RNA into DNA, which is then amplified. This technique is crucial for studying gene expression and identifying RNA viruses.
Multiplex PCR
Multiplex PCR enables the simultaneous amplification of multiple targets in a single reaction. It is efficient for pathogen identification, genetic linkage analysis, and mutation screening.
