PTPN4
Description
The PTPN4 (protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 4) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.
PTPN4 is a human gene that encodes tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 4, a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs regulate cellular processes like cell growth, differentiation, the mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. PTPN4 has a C-terminal PTP domain and an N-terminal domain similar to the band 4.1 superfamily of cytoskeletal proteins. It interacts with glutamate receptor delta 2 and epsilon subunits and is involved in signaling downstream of glutamate receptors through tyrosine dephosphorylation. PTPN4 also interacts with GRID2.
PTPN4 is a phosphatase that plays a role in various biological processes, including immunity, learning, synaptic plasticity, and cell homeostasis. It protects neurons from apoptosis and negatively regulates TLR4-induced interferon beta production by dephosphorylating TICAM2 and inhibiting TRAM-TRIF interaction. Additionally, it negatively regulates TCR-mediated signaling by dephosphorylating ITAMs of the TCR zeta subunit. PTPN4 may also act at junctions between the membrane and the cytoskeleton.
PTPN4 is also known as MEG, PTPMEG, PTPMEG1.
