PTPN12
Description
The PTPN12 (protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 12) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 7.
PTPN12 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) encoded by the PTPN12 gene. PTPs are signaling molecules regulating cellular processes like growth, differentiation, cell cycle, and oncogenesis. PTPN12 contains a PEST motif, a protein-protein interaction domain, which might influence its intracellular half-life. PTPN12 binds and dephosphorylates the c-ABL oncogene product, potentially playing a role in cancer development. PTPN12 interacts with and dephosphorylates cytoskeletal and cell adhesion molecules, including p130 (Cas), CAKbeta/PTK2B, PSTPIP1, and paxillin, suggesting its involvement in regulating cell shape and movement. PTPN12 has been shown to interact with BCAR1, Grb2, PSTPIP1, TGFB1I1, Paxillin, and SHC1.
PTPN12 dephosphorylates a variety of proteins, influencing cellular signaling pathways. It specifically targets tyrosine kinases like ERBB2 and PTK2B/PYK2, regulating their signaling activity. PTPN12 preferentially dephosphorylates ERBB2 at specific tyrosine residues (Tyr-1112, Tyr-1196, and/or Tyr-1248).
PTPN12 is also known as PTP-PEST, PTPG1.
