PTP4A2
Description
The PTP4A2 (protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
PTP4A2 is an enzyme encoded by the PTP4A2 gene in humans. It belongs to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, a group of cell signaling molecules that regulate various cellular processes. PTP4A2 contains a protein tyrosine phosphatase catalytic domain and a C-terminal prenylation motif, which allows it to associate with plasma and endosomal membranes. It interacts with the beta-subunit of Rab geranylgeranyltransferase II (beta GGT II), suggesting a regulatory role in GGT II activity. Overexpression of PTP4A2 in mammalian cells promotes a transformed phenotype, implying its involvement in tumorigenesis. Multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified.
PTP4A2 plays a key role in cell cycle progression, driving the transition from the G1 to S phase during mitosis. This activity is linked to its tumor-promoting properties. Additionally, PTP4A2 inhibits geranylgeranyl transferase type II activity by interfering with the interaction between RABGGTA and RABGGTB.
PTP4A2 is also known as HH13, HH7-2, HU-PP-1, OV-1, PRL-2, PRL2, PTP4A, PTPCAAX2, ptp-IV1a, ptp-IV1b.
Associated Diseases
- cancer
- ring chromosome Y
- partial androgen insensitivity syndrome
- partial chromosome Y deletion
- isochromosomy Yp
- isochromosomy Yq
- spermatogenic failure 25
