PTGIS
Description
The PTGIS (prostaglandin I2 synthase) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 20.
The PTGIS gene encodes prostaglandin-I synthase (PTGIS), an enzyme involved in prostanoid biosynthesis. PTGIS belongs to the cytochrome P450 isomerase family and is located on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. It catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 to prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2), a potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Unlike most P450 enzymes, PTGIS uses its heme cofactor to catalyze the isomerization of prostaglandin H2 to prostacyclin, rather than molecular oxygen (O2). Prostaglandin H2 is produced by cyclooxygenase in the first step of prostaglandin biosynthesis. An imbalance of prostacyclin and its antagonist thromboxane A2 contributes to conditions like myocardial infarction, stroke, and atherosclerosis.
PTGIS catalyzes the biosynthesis and metabolism of eicosanoids. It converts prostaglandin H2 to prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2), a potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation. PTGIS also displays dehydratase activity, particularly towards (15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate (15(S)-HPETE).
PTGIS is also known as CYP8, CYP8A1, PGIS, PTGI.
