PTGER3
Description
The PTGER3 (prostaglandin E receptor 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
The PTGER3 gene, located on human chromosome 1 at position p31.1, encodes the Prostaglandin EP3 receptor (EP3), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). It is one of four EP receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4) all of which bind and mediate cellular responses to PGE2. The PTGER3 gene contains 10 exons and produces at least 8 different isoforms in humans, created through alternative splicing at the 5'-end of DNA. These isoforms differ in their tissue expression and signaling pathways, suggesting potential variations in their functions. Further research is required to fully understand the functional differences between these isoforms.
The PTGER3 gene encodes a receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and plays a crucial role in mediating cellular responses to this hormone. The receptor's activity is linked to both the inhibition of adenylate cyclase, mediated by G(i) proteins, and an elevation in intracellular calcium levels. This receptor is essential for the normal development of fever in response to pyrinogens, including IL1B, prostaglandin E2, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, it plays a role in normal platelet aggregation by potentiating the effects of prostaglandin E2, thus contributing to the regulation of blood coagulation. Furthermore, it promotes increased HCO3(-) secretion in the duodenum in response to mucosal acidification, protecting the mucosa against acid-induced ulceration. However, it is not required for normal kidney function, urine volume, or osmolality. The PTGER3 receptor interacts with MKLN1 through its C-terminus.
PTGER3 is also known as EP3, EP3-I, EP3-II, EP3-III, EP3-IV, EP3-VI, EP3e, PGE2-R, lnc003875.
