PSMD14
Description
The PSMD14 (proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 14) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.
PSMD14, also known as 26S proteasome non-ATPase subunit Rpn11, is an enzyme encoded by the PSMD14 gene in humans. It is one of the 19 essential subunits of the 26S proteasome complex, specifically part of the lid sub-complex of the 19S regulatory particle. The PSMD14 gene has 12 exons and is located on chromosome band 2q24.2. The PSMD14 protein is 34.6 kDa in size, composed of 310 amino acids, and has a theoretical pI of 6.06. The 26S proteasome complex consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and one or two 19S regulatory particles (RP). The CP contains the proteolytic activity, while the RP regulates substrate entry and degradation.
PSMD14 is a component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex responsible for degrading ubiquitinated proteins. This process is crucial for maintaining protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which can disrupt cellular function, and eliminating proteins that are no longer needed. The proteasome is involved in various cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair. PSMD14 specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains within the proteasome. It plays a role in responding to double-strand breaks (DSBs) by regulating non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). It achieves this by cleaving 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin, promoting the retention of JMJD2A/KDM4A on chromatin and limiting the accumulation of TP53BP1. PSMD14 is also involved in homologous recombination repair by facilitating RAD51 loading.
PSMD14 is also known as PAD1, POH1, RPN11.
