PSMC1
Description
The PSMC1 (proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 14.
PSMC1, also known as 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4, is a human gene that encodes an enzyme essential for the function of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex responsible for protein degradation. The protein encoded by PSMC1 is one of six AAA-ATPase subunits, forming the base subcomplex of the 19S regulatory particle. This particle interacts with the 20S core particle, forming the complete 26S proteasome. The human PSMC1 gene has 11 exons and is located on chromosome 14q32.11. The protein is 49 kDa in size and has 440 amino acids. An alternative splicing event can lead to a shorter isoform lacking the first 73 amino acids. The proteasome complex degrades proteins in a step-wise process involving ATP hydrolysis, unfolding, and translocation into the 20S core particle. The 20S core particle possesses three proteolytic activities: caspase-like, trypsin-like, and chymotrypsin-like.
PSMC1 is a subunit of the 26S proteasome, a multi-protein complex responsible for the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This process plays a critical role in maintaining protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could disrupt cellular functions. Additionally, it removes proteins whose functions are no longer needed. The proteasome is involved in a variety of cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair. PSMC1 is part of a ring-shaped structure composed of six AAA ATPases, where it helps unfold and translocate ubiquitinated target proteins into the proteolytic chamber of the proteasome, leading to their degradation into peptides.
PSMC1 is also known as NEDGTH, P26S4, RPT2, S4, p56.
