PSMA5
Description
The PSMA5 (proteasome 20S subunit alpha 5) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
Proteasome subunit alpha type-5, also known as 20S proteasome subunit alpha-5, is a protein encoded by the PSMA5 gene in humans. It is one of the 17 essential subunits that make up the complete 20S proteasome complex. The proteasome recognizes and degrades proteins, including damaged proteins for quality control and key regulatory proteins for cellular processes. The immunoproteasome, a modified form of the proteasome, is important for processing peptides presented by MHC class I molecules. PSMA5 contributes to the formation of the alpha ring, which acts as the substrate entrance gate for the proteasome. The PSMA5 gene is located on chromosome 1p13 and has 9 exons. The protein is 26.5 kDa in size and contains 241 amino acids. The calculated isoelectric point (pI) is 4.69.
PSMA5 is a component of the 20S core proteasome complex, which is involved in the breakdown of most proteins within cells. The 20S proteasome can associate with different regulatory particles to carry out various functions. When bound to two 19S regulatory particles, the complex forms the 26S proteasome, which degrades proteins tagged with ubiquitin, using energy from ATP. This process helps maintain proper protein levels by eliminating misfolded or damaged proteins, and by removing proteins that are no longer needed. The 20S proteasome can also bind to PA200 or PA28, which allows it to degrade proteins without the need for ubiquitin. This type of degradation is important for processes like spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) and the generation of specific peptides that are presented by MHC class I molecules (20S-PA28 complex).
PSMA5 is also known as PSC5, ZETA.
Associated Diseases
- anaplastic ependymoma
- schizophrenia
- cancer
- spinocerebellar ataxia type 35
- spinocerebellar ataxia type 23
- urocanic aciduria
- hereditary spastic paraplegia 72
