PLD2
Description
The PLD2 (phospholipase D2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 17.
PLD2 is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phosphatidylcholine (PC) into phosphatidic acid and choline. This process is triggered by stimulation of tyrosine kinase and G protein-coupled receptors. PLD2 is thought to be involved in regulated secretion, cytoskeletal reorganization, transcriptional regulation, and cell cycle control. Activation of PLD2 occurs through substrate presentation. The enzyme is palmitoylated, which anchors it to lipid rafts. PC substrate is located in the membrane near phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). When PIP2 levels rise, PLD2 moves to PIP2 where it encounters its substrate PC. Scaffolding proteins that interact with PLD2 may influence its preference for lipid rafts versus PIP2.
PLD2 is also known as PLD1C.
Associated Diseases
- endometrial cancer
- neutrophil immunodeficiency syndrome
- nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma
- neutropenia-monocytopenia-deafness syndrome
- cancer
- substance abuse
