PLCG1
Description
The PLCG1 (phospholipase C gamma 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 20.
PLCG1, also known as PLCγ1, is a protein involved in critical cellular processes such as growth, migration, apoptosis, and proliferation. It belongs to the PLC superfamily and is encoded by the PLCG1 gene. Mutations in this gene can disrupt cell growth regulation and lead to cancer formation. PLCG1 plays crucial roles in neuronal actin growth, calcium signaling, and brain development. It is regulated by various factors like PIK3, AMPK, and FAK, and participates in the PIP3 pathway, leading to increased calcium levels within cells. In neurons, PLCG1 is particularly important for actin cytoskeleton organization and synaptic plasticity. PLCG1 catalyzes the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate.
PLCG1, also known as phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCγ1), is a key enzyme involved in cell signaling. It plays a crucial role in generating the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), which act as intracellular messengers to regulate a wide range of cellular processes. PLCγ1 is activated by ligand-mediated activation of receptor-type tyrosine kinases, such as PDGFRA, PDGFRB, EGFR, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and FGFR4. It is essential for actin reorganization and cell migration. Furthermore, PLCG1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, binding to the GTPase DNM1 and catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP, thus promoting DNM1-dependent endocytosis.
PLCG1 is also known as IDAA, NCKAP3, PLC-II, PLC1, PLC148, PLCgamma1.
