PLA2G1B

Description

The PLA2G1B (phospholipase A2 group IB) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 12.

PLA2G1B is a gene that encodes Phospholipase A2, group 1B, an enzyme that catalyzes the release of fatty acids from glycero-3-phosphocholines. It is primarily known for its digestive functions, secreted as zymogens by the pancreas in mammals and fish. Its sequence shares homology with venom phospholipases of snakes. Other forms of PLA2 have been found in various tissues including brain, liver, lung, spleen, intestine, macrophages, leukocytes, erythrocytes, inflammatory exudates, chondrocytes, and platelets.

PLA2G1B encodes a secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets dietary phospholipids in the intestinal tract. It hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at the sn-2 position of phospholipids, exhibiting a preference for phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylglycerols over phosphatidylcholines. This enzyme may play a role in the biosynthesis of N-acyl ethanolamines, which regulate energy metabolism and inflammation in the intestinal tract. It hydrolyzes N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamines to N-acyl lysophosphatidylethanolamines, which are further cleaved by a lysophospholipase D to release N-acyl ethanolamines. PLA2G1B can act in an autocrine and paracrine manner, and upon binding to the PLA2R1 receptor, it can regulate podocyte survival and glomerular homeostasis. It exhibits anti-helminth activity, regulated by the gut microbiota. Upon helminth infection of intestinal epithelia, PLA2G1B directly affects phosphatidylethanolamine contents in the membrane of helminth larvae, likely controlling phospholipid-mediated cellular processes such as membrane fusion and cell division, while providing for better immune recognition, ultimately reducing larval integrity and infectivity.

PLA2G1B is also known as PLA2, PLA2A, PPLA2.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing