PKN1
Description
The PKN1 (protein kinase N1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
Serine/threonine-protein kinase N1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PKN1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the protein kinase C superfamily. This kinase is activated by Rho family of small G proteins and may mediate the Rho-dependent signaling pathway. This kinase can be activated by phospholipids and by limited proteolysis. The 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 (PDPK1/PDK1) is reported to phosphorylate this kinase, which may mediate insulin signals to the actin cytoskeleton. The proteolytic activation of this kinase by caspase-3 or related proteases during apoptosis suggests its role in signal transduction related to apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed.
PKN1, also known as Protein kinase C-like 1, is a serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various cellular processes. It plays a role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton, cell migration, tumor cell invasion, and transcription. PKN1 participates in a signaling cascade initiated by the adrenergic receptor ADRA1B, leading to the activation of MAPK14. It regulates the cytoskeletal network by phosphorylating proteins like VIM and neurofilament proteins, inhibiting their polymerization. Additionally, PKN1 phosphorylates MAPT/Tau, reducing its microtubule binding ability and disrupting tubulin assembly. PKN1 acts as a coactivator of androgen receptor (AR)-dependent transcription by mediating the phosphorylation of histone H3 at Thr-11, promoting demethylation of histone H3 at Lys-9. PKN1 also phosphorylates HDAC5, HDAC7, and HDAC9, inhibiting their nuclear import. Further, it phosphorylates PPP1R14A, MARCKS, GFAP, and RPS6. Interactions have been observed between PKN1 and ZFAND6, AR, PRKCB, RAC1, RHOA, RHOB, PDPK1, CCNT2, AKAP13, MAPK14, ZAK, and MAP2K3, indicating its involvement in complex signaling pathways.
PKN1 is also known as DBK, PAK-1, PAK1, PKN, PKN-ALPHA, PRK1, PRKCL1.
Associated Diseases
- Parkinson disease
- Alzheimer disease
- multiple sclerosis
- lysosomal storage disease
- urolithiasis
- endometrial cancer
- common variable immunodeficiency
- isolated agammaglobulinemia
- immunodeficiency 18
- immunodeficiency 99 with hypogammaglobulinemia and autoimmune cytopenias
- immunodeficiency 72 with autoinflammation
- X-linked severe congenital neutropenia
- immunodeficiency 105
- severe combined immunodeficiency due to CARD11 deficiency
- neutropenia, severe congenital, 1, autosomal dominant
