PHC2
Description
The PHC2 (polyhomeotic homolog 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
PHC2 is a human protein encoded by the PHC2 gene. It is homologous to the Drosophila 'polyhomeotic' (Ph) protein, a component of the Polycomb group (PcG) of genes involved in maintaining stable gene activity. In humans, PHC2 forms a complex with EDR1 and localizes with BMI1 in the nucleus, suggesting its involvement in gene regulation. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. PHC2 interacts with various proteins, including MAPKAPK2, PHC1, BMI1, and MCRS1.
PHC2 is a component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) family of proteins. PRC1 complexes are essential for maintaining the repressed state of many genes, including Hox genes, during development. These complexes act by remodeling chromatin and modifying histones, specifically through the monoubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine 119. This modification changes the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors, making the gene heritably silenced.
PHC2 is also known as EDR2, HPH2, PH2.
