PELO
Description
The PELO (pelota mRNA surveillance and ribosome rescue factor) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 5.
PELO, or Protein pelota homolog, is a human protein encoded by the PELO gene. It contains a conserved nuclear localization signal and may play a role in spermatogenesis, cell cycle control, and meiotic cell division. In yeasts, the Dom34-Hbs1 complex (with ABCE1) that PELO forms is responsible for reactivating ribosomes and recovering those stuck on mRNAs. PELO is a paralog of the release factor eRF1. The Drosophila homolog of PELO was discovered in 1993. Mutants exhibited G2/M arrest in meiosis and large nebenkern formation in late spermatocytes. Human, yeast (Dom34), plant, and worm homologs were reported in 1995, followed by a homolog found in archaea.
PELO is a component of the Pelota-HBS1L complex, which recognizes stalled ribosomes and triggers the No-Go Decay (NGD) pathway. PELO specifically recognizes ribosomes stalled at the 3' end of an mRNA, destabilizing the mRNA within the mRNA channel. Following mRNA extraction by the SKI complex, the Pelota-HBS1L complex recruits ABCE1, which disassembles the stalled ribosomes, leading to degradation of damaged mRNAs via the NGD pathway. In response to mitochondrial damage, PELO is recruited to the ribosome/mRNA-ribonucleoprotein complex associated with the mitochondrial outer membrane. This recruitment facilitates the assembly of autophagy receptors and the induction of mitophagy.
PELO is also known as CGI-17, PRO1770.
