OXER1
Description
The OXER1 (oxoeicosanoid receptor 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.
OXER1 (Oxoeicosanoid receptor 1), also known as GPR170 (G-protein coupled receptor 170), is a protein encoded by the OXER1 gene located on human chromosome 2p21. It is the primary receptor for the 5-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid family of carboxy fatty acid metabolites derived from arachidonic acid. The receptor has also been called hGPCR48, HGPCR48, and R527, but OXER1 is now the preferred name. OXER1 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) structurally related to the hydroxy-carboxylic acid (HCA) family of GPCRs, including HCA1 (GPR81), HCA2 (Niacin receptor 1), and HCA3 (Niacin receptor 2). OXER1 shares 30.3%, 30.7%, and 30.7% amino acid sequence identity with these GPCRs, respectively. It is also related (30.4% amino acid sequence identity) to GPR31, a receptor for the hydroxyl-carboxy fatty acid 12-HETE. OXER1 orthologs are found in various mammalian species including opossums and several species of fish; however, mice and rats lack a clear ortholog. This lack of an ortholog in mice and rats presents a challenge for studying OXER1 function as these species are commonly used models for investigating in vivo receptor functions. Since mouse cells produce and respond to members of the 5-HETE family of agonists, it is likely that mice have a receptor that substitutes for OXER1 in mediating their responses to this agonist family. Niacin receptor 1, a GPCR of the hydroxy carboxylic acid subfamily, has been proposed as a possible mediator of mouse tissue responses to 5-oxo-ETE. OXER1 is highly expressed by human white blood cells, particularly eosinophils and to a lesser extent neutrophils, basophils, and monocytes. It is also expressed by bronchoalveolar macrophages isolated from human bronchoalveolar lavage washings, the human H295R adrenocortical cell line, and various types of human cancer cell lines including those of the prostate, breast, lung, ovaries, colon, and pancreas. OXER1 is also expressed in the human spleen, lung, liver, and kidney tissues. The specific cell types bearing OXER1 within these tissues have not been fully characterized.
OXER1 acts as a receptor for eicosanoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, specifically binding to molecules like 5-oxo-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-OXO-ETE), 5(S)-hydroperoxy-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (5(S)-HPETE), and arachidonic acid. It appears to be linked to the G(i)/G(o) families of heteromeric G proteins.
OXER1 is also known as GPCR, GPR170, TG1019.
