OPRD1
Description
The OPRD1 (opioid receptor delta 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
OPRD1 encodes the δ-opioid receptor, also known as delta opioid receptor or simply delta receptor, abbreviated DOR or DOP. It is an inhibitory 7-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor coupled to the G protein Gi/G0 and has enkephalins as its endogenous ligands. In humans, OPRD1 is most heavily expressed in the basal ganglia and neocortical regions of the brain. The exact role of δ-opioid receptor activation in pain modulation is largely up for debate. Activation of delta receptors produces analgesia, perhaps as significant potentiators of μ-opioid receptor agonists. It is also suggested that the pain modulated by the μ-opioid receptor and that modulated by the δ-opioid receptor are distinct types, with the assertion that DOR modulates the nociception of chronic pain, while MOR modulates acute pain. Evidence for whether delta agonists produce respiratory depression is mixed; high doses of the delta agonist peptide DPDPE produced respiratory depression in sheep.
OPRD1 encodes a G-protein coupled receptor that functions as a receptor for endogenous enkephalins and for a subset of other opioids. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling leads to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity. Inhibits neurotransmitter release by reducing calcium ion currents and increasing potassium ion conductance. Plays a role in the perception of pain and in opiate-mediated analgesia. Plays a role in developing analgesic tolerance to morphine.
OPRD1 is also known as DOP, DOR, DOR1, OPRD.
Associated Diseases
- alcohol dependence
- migraine disorder
- schizophrenia
- osteoarthritis
- depressive disorder
- major depressive disorder
- cancer
