NDUFA13
Description
The NDUFA13 (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A13) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
The NDUFA13 gene, located on chromosome 19, encodes a 17 kDa protein with 144 amino acids. This protein is a subunit of NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), the largest complex in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. The protein structure has a long, hydrophobic transmembrane domain and a hydrophilic domain. NDUFA13 is one of many hydrophobic subunits that form the transmembrane region of Complex I, but it is an accessory subunit and is not believed to be involved in catalysis. Its predicted secondary structure is primarily alpha helix, with a carboxy-terminal half potentially adopting a coiled-coil form. The amino-terminal part has a putative beta sheet rich in hydrophobic amino acids, which may act as a mitochondrial import signal.
NDUFA13 is an accessory subunit of Complex I, the largest respiratory complex in the mitochondrial inner membrane. It plays a crucial role in transferring electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain, with ubiquinone serving as the immediate electron acceptor. NDUFA13 participates in interferon/all-trans-retinoic acid (IFN/RA) induced cell death but this apoptotic activity is inhibited by its interaction with viral IRF1. It also prevents the transactivation of STAT3 target genes. Furthermore, NDUFA13 may contribute to CARD15-mediated innate mucosal responses and regulate intestinal epithelial cell responses to microbes.
NDUFA13 is also known as B16.6, CDA016, CGI-39, GRIM-19, GRIM19, MC1DN28.
