NCOA1
Description
The NCOA1 (nuclear receptor coactivator 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.
NCOA1, also known as SRC-1, is a transcriptional coregulatory protein that contains several nuclear receptor-interacting domains and possesses intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity. It is encoded by the gene NCOA1. NCOA1 is recruited to DNA promoter sites by ligand-activated nuclear receptors. NCOA1, in turn, acylates histones, which makes downstream DNA more accessible to transcription. Hence, NCOA1 assists nuclear receptors in the upregulation of DNA expression as a coactivator.
NCOA1 is a nuclear receptor coactivator that directly binds nuclear receptors and stimulates their transcriptional activities in a hormone-dependent manner. It plays a role in the coactivation of various nuclear receptors, including those for steroids (PGR, GR, and ER), retinoids (RXRs), thyroid hormone (TRs), and prostanoids (PPARs). NCOA1 is also involved in coactivation mediated by STAT3, STAT5A, STAT5B, and STAT6 transcription factors. It exhibits histone acetyltransferase activity towards H3 and H4, although the significance of this activity remains unclear. NCOA1 plays a crucial role in creating multisubunit coactivator complexes that function through chromatin remodeling and may also participate in the recruitment of general transcription factors. In collaboration with NCOA2, it regulates the energy balance between white and brown adipose tissues. NCOA1 is essential for mediating steroid hormone responses. Isoform 2 of NCOA1 displays a higher thyroid hormone-dependent transactivation activity compared to isoforms 1 and 3.
NCOA1 is also known as F-SRC-1, KAT13A, RIP160, SRC1, bHLHe42, bHLHe74.
