MTCH2
Description
The MTCH2 (mitochondrial carrier 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.
MTCH2, also known as Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2, is a protein encoded by the MTCH2 gene in humans. It resides on the outer mitochondrial membrane, where it co-localizes with the apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein BID. MTCH2 helps recruit BID to the mitochondria during apoptosis. Variants in the MTCH2 gene may be associated with obesity. MTCH2 suppresses mitochondrial metabolism, leading to increased energy consumption and production by mitochondria.
MTCH2 is a protein insertase that mediates the insertion of transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial outer membrane. It catalyzes the insertion of proteins with alpha-helical transmembrane regions, including signal-anchored, tail-anchored, and multi-pass membrane proteins. However, it does not mediate the insertion of beta-barrel transmembrane proteins. Additionally, MTCH2 acts as a receptor for the truncated form of pro-apoptotic BH3-interacting domain death agonist (p15 BID), playing a critical role in apoptosis. MTCH2 also regulates the quiescence/cycling of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), acts as a regulator of mitochondrial fusion, which is essential for the naive-to-primed interconversion of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and serves as a regulator of lipid homeostasis, with a regulatory role in adipocyte differentiation and biology.
MTCH2 is also known as HSPC032, MIMP, SLC25A50.
