MMP3

Description

The MMP3 (matrix metallopeptidase 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.

MMP3, also known as stromelysin-1, is an enzyme encoded by the MMP3 gene on chromosome 11q22.3. It has a molecular weight of 54 kDa. MMP3 belongs to the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, which are involved in breaking down extracellular matrix proteins during tissue remodeling in normal processes like embryonic development and reproduction, as well as in disease processes such as arthritis and tumor metastasis. Most MMPs are secreted as inactive proproteins that are activated by cleavage. MMP3 degrades various extracellular matrix components, including collagens, proteoglycans, fibronectin, laminin, and elastin. MMP3 can also activate other MMPs, such as MMP-1, MMP-7, and MMP-9, making it crucial for connective tissue remodeling. MMP3 is thought to be involved in wound repair, atherosclerosis progression, and tumor initiation. In addition to its extracellular roles, MMP3 can enter the cell nucleus and regulate gene transcription. For example, MMP3 itself can enter the nucleus and regulate the expression of the CTGF/CCN2 gene.

MMP3, also known as stromelysin-1, is a metalloproteinase with broad substrate specificity. It can degrade extracellular matrix components such as fibronectin, laminin, gelatins, collagens, and cartilage proteoglycans. MMP3 activates various molecules including growth factors, plasminogen, and other MMPs like MMP9. Once released into the extracellular matrix, the inactive pro-enzyme is activated by the plasmin cascade signaling pathway. MMP3 also functions intracellularly, playing a role in dopaminergic neuron degeneration by mediating microglial activation and alpha-synuclein cleavage upon stress. MMP3 exhibits antiviral activity against various viruses, such as vesicular stomatitis virus, influenza A virus, and human herpes virus. Upon viral infection, MMP3 translocates from the cytoplasm into the cell nucleus to influence NF-kappa-B activities.

MMP3 is also known as CHDS6, MMP-3, SL-1, STMY, STMY1, STR1.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing

Clinical Exome Sequencing