Phascolarctobacterium
Phascolarctobacterium: Exploring the Mysterious Bacteria Inhabiting Koalas
Description
Phascolarctobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria that inhabit the respiratory, urogenital, and gastrointestinal tracts of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). These bacteria are obligate intracellular pathogens, meaning they can only survive and reproduce within the cells of their host.
Phascolarctobacterium species are highly specialized to the koala‘s unique immune system and physiology. They have evolved a complex array of virulence factors that allow them to evade the host‘s immune response and establish persistent infections.
Associated Diseases
Phascolarctobacterium infections are responsible for a range of diseases in koalas, including:
- Chlamydiosis: This sexually transmitted disease is caused by Phascolarctobacterium chlamydiae and is characterized by conjunctivitis, respiratory distress, and infertility.
- Chlamydia-associated conjunctivitis: This eye infection is caused by Phascolarctobacterium koalae and can lead to blindness.
- Urogenital tract infections: These infections can cause infertility and other reproductive problems.
- Respiratory tract infections: Phascolarctobacterium species can cause pneumonia and other respiratory infections in koalas.
- Systemic infections: In severe cases, Phascolarctobacterium infections can spread throughout the body, causing sepsis and organ failure.
Did you Know ?
Phascolarctobacterium infections are a significant threat to koala populations. Studies have shown that up to 90% of koalas in certain regions carry these bacteria, and a substantial proportion of them develop clinical disease.
