Bacteroides ovatus
Bacteroides ovatus: Unraveling the Role of a Gut Bacterium in Health and Disease
Description
Bacteroides ovatus is a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium that is a resident of the human gut microbiome. It belongs to the Bacteroidetes phylum, which is one of the most abundant bacterial groups in the digestive tract. Bacteroides ovatus plays a pivotal role in various aspects of human health, including nutrient metabolism, immune function, and the maintenance of a healthy gut ecosystem.
The bacterium produces enzymes that break down complex carbohydrates, such as dietary fiber, into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs, particularly butyrate, are essential for maintaining the integrity of the gut lining, protecting it from inflammation and damage. Additionally, Bacteroides ovatus has been found to interact with the immune system, modulating immune responses and promoting tolerance to food antigens.
Associated Diseases
Changes in the abundance or activity of Bacteroides ovatus have been linked to several diseases, including:
- Obesity and metabolic disorders: Low levels of Bacteroides ovatus have been associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia.
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD): An imbalance in the gut microbiota, including reductions in Bacteroides ovatus, is thought to contribute to the development of IBD, such as Crohn‘s disease and ulcerative colitis.
- Autoimmune diseases: Alterations in the gut microbiota, including reductions in Bacteroides ovatus, have been observed in people with autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
- Colorectal cancer: Reduced levels of Bacteroides ovatus have been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. The bacterium produces compounds that may inhibit the growth of cancer cells and promote apoptosis (cell death).
Did you Know ?
Research has shown that people with high levels of Bacteroides ovatus have a 40% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
