Bacillota-Bacteroidota
The Gut‘s Dynamic Duo: Bacillota and Bacteroidota – Understanding their Impact on Indian Gut Health
The human gut is a bustling metropolis of microorganisms, home to trillions of bacteria that play a pivotal role in our health and well-being. Among these, two major phyla, Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes), stand out as key players in maintaining a balanced and healthy gut microbiome. In this blog, we‘ll delve into the significance of these two phyla, their association with diseases prevalent in India, the role of probiotics, and dietary recommendations tailored for the Indian population.
Understanding Bacillota and Bacteroidota
- Bacillota: This phylum encompasses a diverse range of bacteria, including Lactobacillus and Streptococcus species. Some Bacillota are beneficial, aiding digestion and supporting immune function, while others can be pathogenic.
- Bacteroidota: This phylum is known for its ability to break down complex carbohydrates and produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which have anti-inflammatory and gut-protective properties.
The Importance of Balance for Indian Gut Health
The ratio between Bacillota and Bacteroidota is a crucial indicator of gut health in India. An imbalance, often referred to as dysbiosis, has been linked to various health issues common in the Indian population, including:
- Obesity and Metabolic Disorders: Studies have found associations between higher Bacillota-to-Bacteroidota ratios and obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes, which are prevalent in India.
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Research suggests altered ratios of these phyla in individuals with IBD, such as Crohn‘s disease and ulcerative colitis.
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Dysbiosis, including changes in the Bacillota-Bacteroidota balance, is believed to contribute to IBS symptoms.
The Indian Gut Microbiome: Unique Considerations
The Indian diet, rich in fiber, fermented foods like yogurt and dosa, and spices like turmeric, may influence the Bacillota-Bacteroidota ratio. While specific data on the ideal ratio for Indians is limited, research suggests that maintaining a balanced gut microbiome is crucial for overall health and disease prevention in the Indian population.
Probiotics and Prebiotics: Nurturing the Indian Gut
- Probiotics: Live bacteria that confer health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. Probiotics containing Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains can help restore a healthy Bacillota-Bacteroidota balance.
- Prebiotics: Non-digestible food components that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria. Foods commonly found in the Indian diet, like onions, garlic, bananas, and whole grains, are excellent sources of prebiotics.
Statistics (General, Not India-Specific)
- A 2016 study in the journal Nature found that individuals with obesity tend to have a higher Bacillota-to-Bacteroidota ratio compared to lean individuals.
- Research published in Gut in 2018 suggested a link between low Bacteroidota levels and increased risk of colorectal cancer.
