METTL14
Description
The METTL14 (methyltransferase 14, N6-adenosine-methyltransferase non-catalytic subunit) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 4.
Methyltransferase like 14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the METTL14 gene.
METTL14, also known as Methyltransferase-like protein 14, forms a heterodimer with METTL3 to create a N6-methyltransferase complex. This complex modifies adenosine residues at the N(6) position of specific mRNAs, influencing processes like the circadian clock, embryonic stem cell differentiation, and cortical neurogenesis. METTL14 acts as the RNA-binding scaffold within the heterodimer, recognizing the substrate rather than serving as the catalytic core. The methylation of adenosine, known as m6A, occurs at specific consensus sites within mRNA sequences and plays a role in regulating mRNA stability and processing. m6A can promote mRNA destabilization and degradation, impacting various cellular functions. In embryonic stem cells, m6A methylation of key pluripotency-promoting transcripts leads to transcript destabilization. Furthermore, m6A regulates spermatogonial differentiation and meiosis, being essential for male fertility and spermatogenesis. Additionally, m6A influences cortical neurogenesis by destabilizing transcripts related to transcription factors, neural stem cells, the cell cycle, and neuronal differentiation during brain development, thereby promoting the differentiation of radial glial cells. METTL14 also participates in the WMM complex, a N6-methyltransferase complex, as part of the MAC subcomplex, which further highlights its role in methylation events within the cell.
METTL14 is also known as hMETTL14.
