MCTS1
Description
The MCTS1 (MCTS1 re-initiation and release factor) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome X.
MCTS1, also known as MCT-1, is an anti-oncogene involved in cell cycle regulation, translation initiation, and DNA damage signaling. It shortens G1 phase duration, promotes cell growth, and increases CDK4/6 kinase activity and cyclin D1 levels. MCTS1 acts as a translation enhancer by recruiting DENR and binding to the 5'-cap complex of mRNAs, altering the translation profile. It upregulates proteins like BCL2L2, TFDP1, MRE11, CCND1, and E2F1 while maintaining mRNA levels. MCTS1 hyperactivates DNA damage signaling, leading to increased H2AX phosphorylation and chromosomal abnormalities. Its overexpression in lymphoid cell lines promotes growth and protects against apoptosis, suggesting a role in lymphoid tumor development. Additionally, MCTS1 may contribute to breast cancer progression by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting apoptosis. MCTS1 also plays a role in proteasome degradation of the tumor suppressor p53 in breast cancer cells. It positively regulates MAPK1 and MAPK3 phosphorylation. This protein is involved in the initiation of translation by promoting the recruitment of aminoacylated initiator tRNA to the P site of 40S ribosomes. MCTS1 also promotes the release of deacylated tRNA and mRNA from recycled 40S subunits after ABCE1-mediated dissociation of post-termination ribosomal complexes.
MCTS1 is also known as IMD118, MCT-1, MCT1.
