MAPK3

Description

The MAPK3 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16.

MAPK3, also known as p44MAPK and ERK1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK3 gene. It is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act in a signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle progression in response to a variety of extracellular signals. This kinase is activated by upstream kinases, resulting in its translocation to the nucleus where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described. It has been suggested that MAPK3, along with the gene IRAK1, is turned off by two microRNAs that were activated after the influenza A virus had been made to infect human lung cells. Pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 restores GSK3β activity and protein synthesis levels in a model of tuberous sclerosis.

MAPK3 (also known as ERK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a crucial role in the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. This pathway is involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including cell growth, adhesion, survival, and differentiation. MAPK3, along with MAPK1/ERK2, is a key component of the MAPK/ERK cascade, which is activated by various signals, such as those initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. The cascade functions by regulating transcription, translation, and cytoskeletal rearrangements, contributing to the initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells. MAPK3 phosphorylates numerous transcription factors, and its substrates are found in various cellular compartments, including the nucleus, cytosol, and other organelles, impacting processes like translation, mitosis, and apoptosis. Additionally, MAPK3 is involved in endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling, as well as Golgi fragmentation during mitosis. MAPK3's substrates include transcription factors, cytoskeletal elements, regulators of apoptosis, translation regulators, and signaling molecules. The MAPK/ERK cascade is further propagated by the interaction of MAPK3 with protein kinases and phosphatases, extending the cascade's specificity to various cytosolic and nuclear targets.

MAPK3 is also known as ERK-1, ERK1, ERT2, HS44KDAP, HUMKER1A, P44ERK1, P44MAPK, PRKM3, p44-ERK1, p44-MAPK.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing