MAPK10
Description
The MAPK10 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 10) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 4.
MAPK10, also known as c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3), is an enzyme encoded by the MAPK10 gene in humans. It is a member of the MAP kinase family, which acts as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals and is involved in various cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation, and development. MAPK10 is a neuronal-specific form of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) that plays regulatory roles in the signaling pathways during neuronal apoptosis. It interacts with and is stimulated by beta-arrestin 2, a receptor-regulated MAP kinase scaffold protein, and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 can phosphorylate and inhibit its activity. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.
MAPK10, also known as JNK3, is a serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in a variety of processes, including neuronal proliferation, differentiation, migration, and programmed cell death. It is activated by the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway, which is triggered by extracellular stimuli such as pro-inflammatory cytokines or physical stress. In this cascade, MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK10/JNK3. In turn, MAPK10/JNK3 phosphorylates transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as JUN and ATF2, regulating AP-1 transcriptional activity. MAPK10/JNK3 plays a regulatory role in neuronal apoptosis, phosphorylates the neuronal microtubule regulator STMN2, and regulates amyloid-beta precursor protein/APP signaling during neuronal differentiation. It also participates in neurite growth in spiral ganglion neurons. It phosphorylates the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer, playing a role in the photic regulation of the circadian clock, and phosphorylates JUND, with this phosphorylation being inhibited in the presence of MEN1.
MAPK10 is also known as JNK3, JNK3A, PRKM10, SAPK1b, p493F12, p54bSAPK.
