MAP1LC3B
Description
The MAP1LC3B (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16.
MAP1LC3B, also known as LC3, is a protein involved in the autophagy pathway, a process that degrades cellular components. It is primarily involved in selecting substrates for autophagy and in the formation of autophagosomes, which are the structures responsible for engulfing and degrading cellular components. LC3 is a member of the ATG8 protein family, which is highly conserved in eukaryotic organisms. LC3 is synthesized as a precursor protein and undergoes a series of modifications to become attached to the membrane of the autophagosome. These modifications include the cleavage of its C-terminus by ATG4B and conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) through a series of ubiquitin-like reactions involving ATG7, ATG3, and ATG12-ATG5-ATG16.
MAP1LC3B is a ubiquitin-like modifier that plays a critical role in the formation of autophagosomes, the cellular machinery responsible for degrading unwanted cellular components. It is also involved in mitophagy, a specialized form of autophagy that selectively targets mitochondria for degradation, ensuring the quality and quantity of mitochondria are maintained. This process is essential for cellular energy production and the prevention of oxidative stress. MAP1LC3B promotes mitophagy by binding to damaged mitochondria and facilitating their delivery to lysosomes for degradation. Additionally, MAP1LC3B is involved in the removal of OFD1 from centriolar satellites via the autophagic pathway, a process that contributes to the formation of primary cilia. Furthermore, MAP1LC3B interacts with the reticulophagy receptor TEX264, facilitating the remodeling of the endoplasmic reticulum into autophagosomes under nutrient stress. This allows for the turnover of endoplasmic reticulum components. Upon nutrient stress, MAP1LC3B recruits the cofactor JMY to the phagophore membrane, promoting JMY's actin nucleation activity and facilitating autophagosome biogenesis.
MAP1LC3B is also known as ATG8F, LC3B, MAP1A/1BLC3, MAP1LC3B-a.
